It uses a system called simplified molecular-input line-entry system (SMILES). This translates chemical 3D structures into ...

Standard RAG pipelines treat documents as flat strings of text. They use "fixed-size chunking" (cutting a document every 500 characters). This works for prose, but it destroys the logic of technical ...

Achieving high reliability in AI systems—such as autonomous vehicles that stay on course even in snowstorms or medical AI that can diagnose cancer from low-resolution images—depends heavily on model ...

Intelligent technology is allowing organizations to move from episodic transformation to continuous evolution by shrinking the coordination and experimentation costs that once made change slow and ...

A database is one or more sets of data, for example numbers, characters and images, bundled together with software that enables data to be added, removed or retrieved. Databases can be used to store ...

Discover non-standard monetary policies, those beyond traditional methods, and their role in economic recovery; see examples like quantitative easing and negative rates.

The Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation (GNIP) is a worldwide isotope monitoring network of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in precipitation, initiated in 1960 by the International Atomic Energy ...